Wednesday, 8 August 2012

Research Paper on Industrial Engineering


                                                                                   Raunak Goyal

                                                                                   Roll No:76,Sec-B

                                                                                   PGDIE-42

 

Summary of “Technology's impact on the future of industrial engineering”

 

Authors:C. Patrick Koelling, Mario G. Beruvides , and Kriengkrai Tankoonsombut

*Department of Industrial  and Systems Engineering

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Blacksburg, VA  24061-0118

*Department of Industrial Engineering

Texas Tech University

Lubbock, TX  79409-3061

Industrial engineers in the future will use high-technology systems which will largely affect the ways of their doing work as well as impact of their work.  This paper addresses some of these main facts  and duscusses the potential impacts on the industrial engineer of the future.
Major development in  computing,  information,  and  communications  technology  are dramatically, and permanently, changing  the ways how we work and also the future that industrial  engineers will  work  with.  That is, industrial engineers must  design systems  of people, machines, materials, capital,  and so on, in a world that will be drastically different from the one we see today.  In addition to this, the current education  and tools of industrial  engineers  are itself out dated for today's needs, not to mention the future. The main issues which will affect the systems are organizational restructuring, Client/server computing models. In this paper, Author has discussed what changes Industrial Engineer profession will  undergo in the next 10-20 years. Before that however, let's consider what industrial engineers do.
According to Author,” "Industrial  engineers  design,  improve,  and  install  integrated  systems  of  people, materials,  information, equipment, and energy.”
The most important aspects among these are improvement and integration. Industrial
Engineer works in all occupations: agricultural, manufacturing and service. These activities have not changed much in the past. But the way of doing these activities have changed. And these changes are being brought about, either directly or indirectly, by one thing , Computer or Information technology.
Author has discussed few of most important technologies that will affect industrial engineers.Let us analyse them.
Tools For Collaboration: Indistrial Engineers will have to use new  types of collaborative  tools like groupware.They will begin to use strong automated information system.Organzation culture will be more flexible and they need to be cross functional Thus,  technology will introduce cultural  change,  which  in  turn  will  promote technology . Planning may become very difficult, and will at the very least become quite different. The  use of internet will increase tremendously. The platform-independence of  technology  will  reduce resistance to multi-platform organizations. So, now Unix,.net,Java all can coexist together. There will be a huge increase in the use of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).  As  industrial engineers look for ways to improve supplier-vendor relationships,  and  increase  communication, we  will  find EDI  to  be  an  indispensable  tool.It will require some sort of security standardization though. Teleconferencing will reduce the amount of travel and compresses  video tools  are becoming usable,  and  increased  bandwidth  will  allow  use  of  this technology to skyrocket.
Technical and Information Computing: The power of computer will increase day by day .So many of work will tend to be more automatic than manual. Information needs will be met in an effective and efficient manner through these systems.  Technical computing will prosper,  allowing industrial  engineers to solve problems that heretofore have been too difficult.. In  addition,  this  computational  improvement  has  led  to  advances  in  the  use  of  scientific visualization techniques.  Other engineering  disciplines  have realized  the  value  of these  tools  in identifying trends  and patterns in data that couldn't be seen  otherwise.
No Time or Space Barriers: Because of advancement in technology there will not be any geographical or time constraints.
IMPACTS ON INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS:
Author has analysed the impact of technology on different aspects of Industrial Engineers in the following way:
Products/Services Issues: Customer will be of prime importance and all the irtual  products will be customer oriented, requiring continued  focus  on  quality.  Organizations must become highly responsiveness to customer needs and they need to efficient as well. Lead time for the product should be very short.
Infrastructure Issues: Organizations will "go virtual."  There will be an increased demand for industrial engineers to use their human factors skills in designing new infrastructures.
Management Issues: Hiring employees, job classifications, quality control will be very important issues for management. The labour force of the future may be built on a "just-in-time" basis. The virtual workplace will require totally different management procedures.  Personnel selection and placement will become more challenging.  Employees may feel isolated.  Performance measurement and evaluation will be increasingly difficult.  Traditional industrial engineering tools and techniques may not be useful in this new environment.  How will effective work measurement be conducted? Trust will have to be at the highest level in virtual settings.  The organization cannot succeed in partnerships without trust.  Since employees may be  "just-in time"  or  on  a consulting basis, what will happen to culture, identity, loyalty, and a sense of community?
Training and Skills Issues: The new environment will require working in teams.  The work place is getting “flatter and team- cantered.  A greater percentage of employees will be doing knowledge work.  Industrial  engineers will  face  increasing  pressure  to  become  more  "general"  because  the  environment  will  change rapidly  and  require different kinds  of skills. It is certain that Industrial engineers will require expertise in computer and information technologies.

Conclusion: The profession of industrial engineering will have to evolve considerably with the changing trends and technology if we are to meet the challenges that lie ahead.

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